Prof. Dr. Henrik Mouritsen's Publications

Prof. Dr. Henrik Mouritsen's Publications

2020


  1. Kishkinev, D., Packmor, F., Zechmeister, T., Winkler, H.-C., Chernetsov, N., Mouritsen H, Holland, R. (2020) Navigation by extrapolation of geomagnetic cues in a migratory songbird. Current Biology 30, in press.
  2. Feng, S., Stiller, J., Deng, Y., Armstrong, J., ….., Mouritsen H, ……, Zhang, G. (2020) Dense sampling of bird diversity increases power of comparative genomics. Nature 587, 252-257. doi: /10.1038/s41586-020-2873-9
  3. Einwich, A., Dedek, K., Seth, P. K., Laubinger, S., Mouritsen H (2020) A novel isoform of cryptochrome 4 (Cry4b) is expressed in the retina of a night-migratory songbird. Scientific Reports 10, 15794. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72579-2
  4. Wynn, J., Padget, O., Mouritsen H, Chris Perrins, C., Guilford, T. (2020) Natal imprinting to the Earth’s magnetic field in a pelagic seabird. Current Biology 30, R802-R804. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.05.039
  5. Chernetsov N, Pakhomov A, Davydov A, Cellarius F, Mouritsen H (2020) No evidence for the use of magnetic declination for migratory navigation in two songbird species. PLoS ONE 15, e0232136. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232136
  6. Wu, H., Scholten, A., Einwich, A., Mouritsen, H., Koch, K-W. (2020) Protein-protein interaction of the putative magnetoreceptor cryptochrome 4 expressed in the avian retina. Sci Rep 10, 7364. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64429-y
  7. Kobylkov, D., Schwarze, S., Michalik, B., Winklhofer, M., Mouritsen, H., Heyers, D. (2020) A newly identified trigeminal brain pathway in a night-migratory bird could be dedicated to transmitting magnetic map information. Proc. R. Soc. B 287, 20192788. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2788.


2019


  1. Kobylkov, D., Wynn, J., Winklhofer, M., Chetverikova, R., Xu, J., Hiscock, H., Hore, P. J., Mouritsen, H. (2019) Electromagnetic 0.1–100 kHz noise does not disrupt orientation in a night-migrating songbird implying a spin coherence lifetime of less than 10 µs. J. Royal Soc. Interface 20190716. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2019.0716.
  2. Zoltowski, B. D., Chelliah, Y., Wickramaratne, A., Jarocha L., Karki, N., Xu, W., Mouritsen, H., Hore, P. J., Hibbs, R. E., Green, C. B., Takahashi. J. S. (2019) Chemical and Structural Analysis of a Photoactive Vertebrate Cryptochrome from Pigeon. PNAS 116, 19449-19457. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1907875116.Neuer Text
2018
  1.  Pakhomov, A., Anashina, A., Heyers, D., Kobylkov, D., Mouritsen, H., Chernetsov, N. (2018) Magnetic map navigation in a migratory songbird requires trigeminal input. Sci Rep. 8(1):11975. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30477-8. PMID: 30097604.
  2.  Engels, S., Treiber, C.D., Salzer, M.C., Michalik, A., Ushakova, L., Keays, D.A.*, Mouritsen, H.*, Heyers, D.* (2018) Lidocaine is a nocebo treatment for trigeminally mediated magnetic orientation in birds. J. R. Soc. Interface 15 20180124; DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0124. *Co-PIs
  3. Dreyer, D., Frost B. J., Mouritsen, H., Günther, A., Green, K., Whitehouse, M., Johnsen, S., Heinze, S. Warrant, E. (2018) The Earth's magnetic field and visual landmarks steer migratory flight behaviour in the nocturnal Australian Bogong moth. Current Biology 28, ISSUE 13, P2160-2166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.05.030
  4.  Mouritsen, H. (2018) Long-distance navigation and magnetoreception in migratory animals. Nature 558, 50-59.
  5. Günther, A., Einwich, A., Sjulstok, E., Feederle, R., Bolte, P., Koch, K.-W., Solov’yov, I.A., Mouritsen, H. (2018) Double-Cone Localization and Seasonal Expression Pattern Suggest a Role in Magnetoreception for European Robin Cryptochrome 4. Current Biology 28, doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.003 
2017
  1. Worster, S., Mouritsen, H., Hore, P. J. (2017) A light-dependent magnetoreception mechanism insensitive to light intensity and polarization. J. R. Soc. Interface 14 20170405; DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0405.
  2. Hiscock, H. G., Mouritsen, H., Manolopoulos, D. E., Hore, P. J. (2017) Disruption of magnetic compass orientation in migratory birds by radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. Biophys J. 113(7):1475-1484; doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.07.031.
  3. Chernetsov, N., Pakhomov, A., Kobylkov, D., Kishkinev, D., Holland, R.A., Mouritsen, H. (2017) Migratory Eurasian reed warblers can use magnetic declination to solve the longitude problem. Current Biology 27, dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.07.024
  4. Heyers, D., Elbers, D., Bulte, M., Bairlein, F., Mouritsen, H. (2017) The magnetic map sense and its use in fine-tuning the migration programme of birds. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, doi: 10.1007/s00359-017-1164-x.
  5. Elbers, D., Bulte, M., Bairlein, F., Mouritsen, H., Heyers, D. (2017) Magnetic activation in the brain of the migratory northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe). Journal of Comparative Physiology A, doi: 10.1007/s00359-017-1167-7.
  6. Bulte, M., Heyers, D., Mouritsen, H., Bairlein, F. (2017) Geomagnetic information modulates nocturnal migratory restlessness but not fueling in a long distance migratory songbird. Journal of Avian Biology 48, 75–82.
2016
  1. Bottesch, M., Gerlach, G., Halbach, M., Bally, A., Kingsford, M. J., Mouritsen, H. (2016) Coral reef fish larvae can use a magnetic compass that might help them return to their natal reef. Current Biology 26, R1266-R1267.
  2. Schwarze, S., Steenken, F., Thiele, N., Kobylkov, D., Lefeldt, N., Dreyer, D., Schneider, N-L., Mouritsen, H. (2016) Migratory blackcaps can use their magnetic compass at 5 degrees inclination, but are completely random at 0 degrees inclination. Scientific Reports 6, 33805.
  3. Bender, M., Mouritsen, H., Christoffers, J. (2016) A robust synthesis of 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin. Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 12, 912-917.
  4. Hore P.J., Mouritsen H. (2016) "The radical pair mechansim of magnetoreception". Annual Review in Biophysics 45. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-032116-094545
  5. Warrant E., Frost B.J., Green K., Mouritsen H., Dreyer D., Adden A., Brauburger K., Heinze S. (2016) "The Australien Bogong moth Agrotis infusa: A long-distance nocturnal navigator". Frontierts in Behavioral Neuroscience 10, 77. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00077
  6. Hiscock H.G., Worster S., Kattnig D.R., Steers C., Jin Y., Manolopoulos D.E., Mouritsen H., Hore P.J. (2016) "The quantum needle of the avian magnetic compass". PNAS 113, 4634-4639. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1600341113
  7. Schwarze S., Schneider N-L., Reichl T., Dreyer D., Lefeldt N., Engels S., Baker N., Hore P. J., Mouritsen H. (2016) "Weak broadband electromagnetic fields are more disruptive to magnetic compass orientation in night-migratory songbird (Erithacus rubecula) than strong narrow-band fields. Frontierts in Behavioral Neuroscience 10,55. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00055
  8. Bolte P., Bleibaum F., Einwich A., Günther A., Liedvogel M., Heyers D., Depping A., Wöhlbrand L., Rabus R., Janssen-Bienhold U., Mouritsen H. (2016) "Localisation of the Putative Magnetoreceptor Chryptochrome 1b in the Rentinae of Migratory Birds and Homing Pigeons". PloS ONE 11: e0147819. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147819
  9. Mouritsen, H., Heyers, D., Güntürkün, O. (2016) The Neural Basis of Long-Distance Navigation in Birds. Annual Reviews in Physiology 76, 10.1-10.22. doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-105054.
2015
  1. Kishkinev, D., Chernetsov, N., Pakhomov, A., Heyers, D., Mouritsen, H. (2015) Eurasian reed warblers compensate for virtual magnetic displacement. Current Biology 25, R822-R824. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.08.012
  2. Alert, B., Michalik, A., Thiele, N., Bottesch, M., Mouritsen, H. (2015) Re-calibration of the magnetic compass in hand-raised European robins (Erithacus rubecula). Scientific Reports 5, 14323. doi:10.1038/srep14323
  3. Alert, B., Michalik, A., Helduser, S., Mouritsen, H., Güntürkün, O. (2015) Perceptual strategies of pigeons to detect a rotational centre – A hint for star compass learning? PLOS ONE 10(3): e0119919. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119919.
  4. Lefeldt, N., Dreyer, D., Steenken, F., Schneider, N.-L. & Mouritsen, H. (2015) Migratory blackcaps tested in Emlen funnels can orient at 85 but not at 88 degrees magnetic inclination. J. Exp. Biol. 218, 206-211. doi:10.1242/jeb.107235
2014
  1. Lefeldt, N., Heyers, D., Schneider, N.-L., Engels, S., Elbers, D. & Mouritsen, H. (2014) Magnetic field-driven induction of ZENK in the trigeminal system of pigeons (Columba livia). J. Royal Soc. Interface 11, 20140777 doi: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0777
  2. Engels, S., Schneider, N.-L., Lefeldt, N., Hein, C. M., Zapka, M., Michalik, A., Elbers, D., Kittel, A., Hore, P. J. & Mouritsen, H. (2014) Anthropogenic electromagnetic noise disrupts magnetic compass orientation in a migratory bird. Nature 509, 353-356. doi: 10.1038/nature13290
            This paper was the cover story of the 15th of May 2014 issue of Nature. It was reported on in >500 different newspapers and at least 20 different radio channels and live on BBC World News TV at 19:15 on the 8th of May 2014 and in German and Danish television.
  3. Michalik, A., Alert, B., Engels, S., Lefeldt, N. & Mouritsen, H. (2014) Star compass learning: how long does it take? J. Ornithol. 155, 225-234. doi: 10.1007/s10336-013-1004-x
2013
  1. Mouritsen, H., Derbyshire, R., Stalleicken, J., Mouritsen, O.Ø., Frost, B.J. & Norris, R.D. (2013) Reply to Oberhauser et al.: The experimental evidence is clear. Monarch butterflies are almost certainly not true navigators. PNAS 110, E3681, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1309282110
  2. Jarvis ED, Yu J, Rivas MV, Horita H, Feenders G, Whitney O, Jarvis SC, Jarvis ER, Kubikova L, Puck AEP, Siang-Bakshi C, Martin S, McElroy M, Hara E, Howard J, Pfenning A, Mouritsen, H., Chen C-C, Wada K (2013) A global view of the functional molecular organization of the avian cerebrum: mirror images and functional columns. J. Comp. Neurol. 521, 3614–3665, doi: 10.1002/cne.23404
  3. Kishkinev, D., Chernetsov, N., Heyers, D. & Mouritsen, H. (2013) Migratory reed warblers need intact trigeminal nerves to correct for a 1,000 km eastward displacement. PLOS ONE 8, e65847.
  4. Mouritsen, H., Atema, J., Kingsford, M. & Gerlach, G. (2013) Sun Compass Orientation Helps Coral Reef Fish Larvae Return to their Natal Reef. PLOS ONE 8, e66039.
  5. Mouritsen, H., Derbyshire, R., Stalleicken, J., Mouritsen, O.Ø., Frost, B.J. & Norris, R.D. (2013) An experimental displacement and over 50 years of tag-recoveries show that monarch butterflies are not true navigators. PNAS 110, 7348-7353.
2012
  1. Engels, S., Hein, C.M., Lefeldt, N., Prior, H. & Mouritsen, H. (2012) Night-Migratory Songbirds Possess a Magnetic Compass in Both Eyes. PLOS ONE 7, e43271. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043271.
  2. Kishkinev, D., Mouritsen, H. & Mora, C.V. (2012) An attempt to develop an operant conditioning paradigm to test for magnetic discrimination behaviour in a migratory songbird. J. Ornithology 153, 1165-1177. DOI: 10.1007/s10336-012-0847-x.
  3. Mouritsen, H. (2012) Sensory biology: search for the compass needles. Nature 484, 320-321 (News and Views). DOI:10.1038/484320a
  4. Mouritsen, H. & Hore, P. J. (2012) The magnetic retina: light-dependent and trigeminal magnetoreception in migratory birds. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 22, 343-352. DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2012.01.005
2011
  1. Guilford, T., Åkesson, S., Gagliardo, A., Holland, R.A., Mouritsen, H., Muheim, R., Wiltschko, R., Wiltschko, W. & Bingman, V.P. (2011) Migratory navigation in birds: new opportunities in an era of fast-developing tracking technology. J. Exp. Biol. 214, 3705-3712. DOI:10.1242/jeb.051292
  2. Hein, C. M., Engels, S., Kishkinev, D. & Mouritsen, H. (2011) Robins have a magnetic compass in both eyes. Nature 471, E11-E12. DOI:10.1038/nature09875.
  3. Hein, C. M., Zapka, M. & Mouritsen, H. (2011) Weather significantly influences the migratory behaviour of night-migratory songbirds tested indoors in orientation cages. Journal of Ornithology 152, 27-35. DOI:10.1007/s10336-010-0540-x
2010
  1. Kishkinev, D., Chernetsov, N. & Mouritsen, H. (2010) A double clock or jetlag mechanism is unlikely to be involved in detection of east-west displacements in a long-distance avian migrant. Auk 127, 773−780. DOI:10.1525/auk.2010.10032
  2. Zapka, M., Heyers, D., Liedvogel, M., Jarvis, E.D. & Mouritsen, H. (2010) Night-time neuronal activation of Cluster N in a day- and night-migrating songbird. European Journal of Neuroscience 32, 619-624. DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07311.x
  3. Solov’yov, I. A. Mouritsen, H. & Schulten, K. (2010) Acuity of a cryptochrome and vision-based magnetoreception system in birds. Biophysical Journal 99, 40-49. DOI:10.1016/j.bpj.2010.03.053
  4. Heyers, D., Zapka, M., Hoffmeister, M., Wild, J. M. & Mouritsen, H. (2010) Magnetic field changes activate the trigeminal brainstem complex in a migratory bird. PNAS 107, 9394-9399. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0907068107
  5. Falkenberg, G., Fleissner, Ge., Schuchardt, K., Kuehbacher, M., Thalau, P., Mouritsen, H., Heyers, D., Wellenreuther, G. & Fleissner, Gue. (2010) Avian Magnetoreception: Elaborate Iron Mineral Containing Dendrites in the Upper Beak Seem to Be a Common Feature of Birds. PLoS ONE 5, e9231. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0009231
  6. Ritz, T., Ahmad, M., Mouritsen, H., Wiltschko, R. & Wiltschko, W. (2010) Photoreceptor-based magnetoreception: optimal design of receptor molecules, cells, and neuronal processing. J. Royal. Soc. Interface 7, S135-S146. DOI:10.1098/rsif.2009.0456.focus
  7. Liedvogel M. & Mouritsen, H. (2010) Cryptochromes – a potential magnetoreceptor: what do we know and what do we want to know? J. Royal. Soc. Interface 7, S147-S162. DOI:10.1098/rsif.2009.0411.focus
  8. Hein, C. M., Zapka, M., Heyers, D., Kutzschbauch, S., Schneider, N.-L. & Mouritsen, H. (2010) Night-migratory garden warblers can orient with their magnetic compass using the left, the right or both eyes. J. Royal. Soc. Interface 7, S227-S233. DOI:10.1098/rsif.2009.0376.focus
2009
  1. Zapka, M., Heyers, D., Hein, C. M., Engels, S., Schneider, N.-L., Hans, J., Weiler, S., Dreyer, D., Kishkinev, D., Wild, J. M. & Mouritsen, H. (2009) Visual but not trigeminal mediation of magnetic compass information in a migratory bird. Nature 461, 1274-1277. DOI:10.1038/nature08528
  2. Mouritsen, H., Feenders, G., Hegemann, A. & Liedvogel, M. (2009) Thermal paper can replace typewriter correction paper in Emlen funnels. J. Ornithol. 150, 713-715. DOI:10.1007/s10336-009-0421-3
2008
  1. Chapman, J.W., Reynolds, D.R., Mouritsen, H., Hill, J.H., Riley, J.R., Sivell, D., Smith, A.D. & Woiwod, I.P. (2008) Wind Selection and Drift Compensation Optimize Migratory Pathways in a High-flying Moth. Current Biology 18, 514-518. DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2008.02.080
  2. Heyers D., Manns M., Luksch H., Güntürkün O., & Mouritsen H. (2008) Calcium-binding proteins label functional streams of the visual system in a songbird. Brain Research Bulletin 75, 348-355. DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.10.029
  3. Feenders, G., Liedvogel, M., Rivas, M., Zapka, M., Horita, H., Hara, E., Wada, K., Mouritsen, H. & Jarvis, E.D. (2008) Molecular Mapping of Movement-Associated Areas in the Avian Brain: A Motor Theory for Vocal Learning Origin. PLoS ONE, 3, e1768. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0001768
  4. Chernetsov, N., Kishkinev, D. & Mouritsen, H. (2008) A long-distance avian migrant compensates for longitudinal displacement during spring migration. Current Biology 18, 188-190. DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2008.01.018
2007
  1. Liedvogel M., Maeda K., Henbest K., Schleicher E., Simon T., Timmel C.R., Hore P.J. & Mouritsen, H. (2007) Chemical Magnetoreception: Bird Cryptochrome 1a is Excited by Blue Light and Forms Long-Lived Radical-Pairs. PLoS ONE 2: e1106. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0001106
  2. Heyers D., Manns M., Luksch H., Güntürkün O. & Mouritsen H. (2007) A visual pathway links brain structures active during magnetic compass orientation in migratory birds. PLoS ONE 2: e937. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0000937
  3. Liedvogel, M., Feenders, G., Wada, K., Troje, N.F., Jarvis, E. D. & Mouritsen, H. (2007) Lateralized activation of Cluster N in the brains of migratory songbirds. European Journal of Neuroscience 25, 1166-1173. DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05350.x
  4. Sohle, I.S., Robertson, C.J.R., Nicholls, D.G., Mouritsen, H., Frost, B. & Moller, H. (2007) Satellite tracking of sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus) during their pre-laying 'exodus' and incubation. Notornis 54, 180-188.
2006
  1. Frost, B.J. & Mouritsen, H. (2006) The neural mechanisms of long distance animal navigation. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 16, 481-488. DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2006.06.005
  2. Stalleicken, J., Labhart, T., & Mouritsen, H. (2006) Physiological characterization of the compound eye in monarch butterflies with focus on the dorsal rim area. Journal of Comparative Physiology A 192, 321-331. DOI:10.1007/s00359-005-0073-6
2005
  1. Mouritsen, H. & Ritz, T. (2005) Magnetoreception and it use in bird navigation. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 15, 406-414. DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2006.06.005
  2. Piersma, T., Pérez-Tris, J., Mouritsen, H., Bauchinger, U. & Bairlein, F. (2005) Is there a “migratory syndrome” common to all migrant birds? Annals of the New York Academy of the Sciences 1046, 282-293. DOI:10.1196/annals.1343.026
  3. Mouritsen, H., Feenders, G., Liedvogel, M., Wada, K. & Jarvis, E. D. (2005) Night Vision Brain Area in Migratory Songbirds. PNAS 102, 8339-8344. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0409575102
  4. Stalleicken, J., Mukhida, M., Labhart, T., Wehner, R., Frost, B. J. & Mouritsen, H. (2005) Do monarch butterflies use polarized skylight for orientation? Journal of Experimental Biology 208, 2399-2408.
2004
  1. Mouritsen, H., Feenders, G., Liedvogel, M. & Kropp, W. (2004) Migratory birds use head scans to detect the direction of the Earth’s magnetic field. Current Biology 14, 1946-1949. DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2004.10.025
  2. Mouritsen, H., Janssen-Bienhold, U., Liedvogel, M., Feenders, G., Stalleicken, J., Dirks, P. & Weiler, R. (2004) Cryptochromes and neuronal-activity markers colocalize in the retina of migratory birds during magnetic orientation. PNAS 101, 14294-14299. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0405968101 [See also Science 306, 432-434 and Nature Review Neuroscience 5, 827]
  3. Cochran, W. W., Mouritsen, H. & Wikelski, M. (2004) Migrating songbirds recalibrate their magnetic compass daily from twilight cues. Science 304, 405-408. DOI:10.1126/science.1095844
2003
  1. Mouritsen, H. (2003) Spatiotemporal orientation strategies of long-distance migrants. In: Berthold, P., Gwinner, E. & Sonnenschein, E. (eds.) "Avian Migration", pp. 493-513, Springer Verlag, Berlin.
  2. Mouritsen, H., Huyvaert, K.P., Frost, B.J. & Andersson, D. (2003) Waved Albatrosses can navigate with strong magnets attached to their head. Journal of Experimental Biology 206, 4155-4166. DOI:10.1242/jeb.00650
  3. Andersson, D.J., Huyvaert, K.P., Wood, D.R., Gillikin, C.L., Frost, B.J. & Mouritsen, H. (2003) At-sea distribution of Waved Albatrosses and the Galapagos Marine Reserve. Biological Conservation, 110, 367-373.
2002
  1. Mouritsen, H. & Frost, B.J. (2002) Virtual migration in tethered flying monarch butterflies reveals their orientation mechanisms. PNAS 99, 10162-10166. DOI:10.1073/pnas.152137299
2001
  1. Mouritsen, H. & Larsen, O.N. (2001) Migrating songbirds tested in computer-controlled Emlen funnels use stellar cues for a time-independent compass. Journal of Experimental Biology 204, 3855-3865.
  2. Mouritsen, H. (2001) Ringing recoveries contain hidden information about orientation mechanisms. Ardea 89, 31-42.
  3. Mouritsen, H. (2001) Navigation in birds and other animals. Journal of Image and Vision Computing 19, 713-731.
2000
  1. Mouritsen, H. & Mouritsen, O. (2000) A mathematical expectation model for bird navigation based on the clock-and-compass strategy. Journal of Theoretical Biology 207, 283-291. DOI:10.1006/jtbi.2000.2171
  2. Mouritsen, H. (2000) Yes, the clock-and-compass strategy can explain the distribution of ringing recoveries: reply to Thorup et al. Animal Behaviour 60, F9-F14. DOI:10.1006/anbe.2000.1455
1998-1999
  1. Mouritsen, H. (1998) How do young night migrating passerines use their compasses for orientation during migration? Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress pp. 934-955.
  2. Mouritsen, H. & Larsen, O.N. (1998) Migrating young Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca do not compensate for geographical displacements. Journal of Experimental Biology 201, 2927-2934.
  3. Mouritsen, H. (1998) Modelling migration: the clock-and-compass model can explain the distribution of ringing recoveries. Animal Behaviour 56, 899-907.
  4. Mouritsen, H. (1998) Redstarts, Phoenicurus phoenicurus, can orient in a true-zero magnetic field. Animal Behaviour 55, 1311-1324.
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